- Reports
- Business Case for Emotional Intelligence
- Do Emotional Intelligence Programs Work?
- Emotional Competence Framework
- Emotional Intelligence: What it is and Why it Matters
- Executives' Emotional Intelligence (mis) Perceptions
- Guidelines for Best Practice
- Guidelines for Securing Organizational Support For EI
- Johnson & Johnson Leadership Study
- Ontario Principals’ Council Leadership Study
- Technical Report on Developing Emotional Intelligence
- Measures
- Emotional Intelligence Quotient (EQ-i)
- Emotional & Social Competence Inventory 360 (ESCI)
- Emotional & Social Competence Inventory-University (ESCI-U)
- Genos Emotional Intelligence Inventory (Genos EI)
- Group Emotional Competence Inventory (GEC)
- Mayer Salovey Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT)
- Schutte Self-Report Inventory (SSRI)
- Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue)
- Wong's Emotional Intelligence Scale
- Work Group Emotional Intelligence Profile (WEIP)
- References
- Model Programs
- Achievement Motivation Training
- Care Giver Support Program
- Competency-Based Selection
- Emotional Competence Training - Financial Advisors
- Executive Coaching
- Human Relations Training
- Interaction Management
- Interpersonal Conflict Management - Law Enforcement
- Interpersonal Effectiveness Training - Medical Students
- JOBS Program
- LeaderLAB
- Self-Management Training to Increase Job Attendance
- Stress Management Training
- Weatherhead MBA Program
- Williams' Lifeskills Program
- Article Reprints
- Members
- Events
- Bookstore
Definitions and Critiques of Emotional Intelligence
Antonakis, J., & Dietz, J. (2010). Emotional intelligence: On definitions, neuroscience, and marshmallows. [Comment/Reply]. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 3(2), 165-170.
Ashkanasy, N. M., & Daus, C. S. (2005). Rumors of the death of emotional intelligence in organizational behavior are vastly exaggerated. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(4), 441-452.
Bar-On, R. (2006). The Bar-On model of emotional-social intelligence (ESI). Psicothema, 18(Suppl), 13-25.
Bar-On, R. (2010). Emotional intelligence: An integral part of positive psychology. South African Journal of Psychology, 40(1), 54-62.
Boyatzis, R. E. (2008). Competencies in the 21st century. [Editorial]. Journal of Management Development, 27(1), 5-12.
Boyatzis, R. E. (2009). Competencies as a behavioral approach to emotional intelligence. [Editorial]. Journal of Management Development, 28(9), 749-770.
Brackett, M. A., Rivers, S. E., & Salovey, P. (2011). Emotional intelligence: Implications for personal, social, academic, and workplace success. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 5(1), 88-103.
Cherniss, G., Extein, M., Goleman, D., & Weissberg, R. P. (2006). Emotional Intelligence: What does the Research Really Indicate? [Comment/Reply]. Educational Psychologist, 41(4), 239-245.
Cherniss, C. (2010). Emotional intelligence: New insights and further clarifications. [Comment/Reply]. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 3(2), 183-191.
Cherniss, C. (2010). Emotional intelligence: Toward clarification of a concept. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 3(2), 110-126.
Cote, S. (2010). Taking the "intelligence" in emotional intelligence seriously. [Comment/Reply]. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 3(2), 127-130.
Daus, C. S., & Ashkanasy, N. M. (2005). The case for the ability-based model of emotional intelligence in organizational behavior. [Comment/Reply]. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(4), 453-466.
Davies, M., Stankov, L., & Roberts, R. D. (1998). Emotional intelligence: In search of an elusive construct. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75(4), 989-1015.
Dulewicz, V., & Higgs, M. (2000). Emotional intelligence: A review and evaluation study. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 15(4), 341-372.
Emmerling, R. J., & Boyatzis, R. E. (2012). Emotional and social intelligence competencies: Cross cultural implications. Cross Cultural Management, 19(1), 4-18.
Fambrough, M. J., & Hart, R. K. (2008). Emotions in leadership development: A critique of emotional intelligence. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 10(5), 740-758.
Fineman, S. (2004). Getting the measure of emotion--And the cautionary tale of emotional intelligence. Human Relations, 57(6), 719-740.
Gignac, G. E. (2010). On a nomenclature for emotional intelligence research. [Comment/Reply]. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 3(2), 131-135.
Gohm, C. L. (2004). Moving forward with emotional intelligence. [Comment/Reply]. Psychological Inquiry, 15(3), 222-227.
Harms, P., & Crede, M. (2010). Remaining issues in emotional intelligence research: Construct overlap, method artifacts, and lack of incremental validity. [Comment/Reply]. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 3(2), 154-158.
Jordan, P. J., Dasborough, M. T., Daus, C. S., & Ashkanasy, N. M. (2010). A call to context. [Comment/Reply]. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 3(2), 145-148.
Joseph, D. L., & Newman, D. A. (2010). Emotional intelligence: An integrative meta-analysis and cascading model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(1), 54-78.
Kaplan, S., Cortina, J., & Ruark, G. A. (2010). Oops...We did it again: Industrial-organizational's focus on emotional intelligence instead of on its relationships to work outcomes. [Comment/Reply]. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 3(2), 171-177.
Landy, F. J. (2005). Some historical and scientific issues related to research on emotional intelligence. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(4), 411-424.
Lindebaum, D., & Cartwright, S. (2011). Leadership effectiveness: The costs and benefits of being emotionally intelligent. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 32(3), 281-290.
Locke, E. A. (2005). Why emotional intelligence is an invalid concept. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(4), 425-431.
Matthews, G., Roberts, R. D., & Zeidner, M. (2004). Seven myths about emotional intelligence. Psychological Inquiry, 15(3), 179-196.
Mayer, J. D., & Salovey, P. (1993). The intelligence of emotional intelligence. [Comment/Reply]. Intelligence, 17(4), 433-442.
Mayer, J. D., & Salovey, P. (1995). Emotional intelligence and the construction and regulation of feelings. Applied & Preventive Psychology, 4(3), 197-208.
Mayer, J. D., Caruso, D. R., & Salovey, P. (1999). Emotional intelligence meets traditional standards for an intelligence. Intelligence, 27(4), 267-298.
Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., Caruso, D. R., & Sitarenios, G. (2001). Emotional intelligence as a standard intelligence. [Comment/Reply]. Emotion, 1(3), 232-242.
Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., & Caruso, D. R. (2004). A further consideration of the issues of emotional intelligence. Psychological Inquiry, 15(3), 249-255.
Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., & Caruso, D. R. (2004). Emotional intelligence: Theory, findings, and implications. Psychological Inquiry, 15(3), 197-215.
Mayer, J. D., Roberts, R. D., & Barsade, S. G. (2008). Human abilities: Emotional intelligence. Annual Review of Psychology, 59, 507-536.
Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., & Caruso, D. R. (2008). Emotional intelligence: New ability or eclectic traits? American Psychologist, 63(6), 503-517.
Meyer, B., & Fletcher, T. B. (2007). Emotional intelligence: A theoretical overview and implications for research and professional practice in sport psychology. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 19(1), 1-15.
Mikolajczak, M. (2009). Going beyond the ability-trait debate: The three-level model of emotional intelligence. E-Journal of Applied Psychology, 5(2), 25-31.
Oatley, K. (2004). Emotional intelligence and the intelligence of emotions. [Comment/Reply]. Psychological Inquiry, 15(3), 216-221.
Opengart, R. (2005). Emotional Intelligence and Emotion Work: Examining Constructs From an Interdisciplinary Framework. Human Resource Development Review, 4(1), 49-62.
Petrides, K., Pita, R., & Kokkinaki, F. (2007). The location of trait emotional intelligence in personality factor space. British Journal of Psychology, 98(2), 273-289.
Petrides, K. (2010). Trait emotional intelligence theory. [Comment/Reply]. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 3(2), 136-139.
Riggio, R. E. (2010). Before emotional intelligence: Research on nonverbal, emotional, and social competencies. [Comment/Reply]. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 3(2), 178-182.
Roberts, R. D., Zeidner, M., & Matthews, G. (2001). Does emotional intelligence meet traditional standards for an intelligence? Some new data and conclusions. Emotion, 1(3), 196-231.
Roberts, R. D., MacCann, C., Matthews, G., & Zeidner, M. (2010). Emotional intelligence: Toward a consensus of models and measures. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 4(10), 821-840.
Roberts, R. D., Matthews, G., & Zeidner, M. (2010). Emotional intelligence: Muddling through theory and measurement. [Comment/Reply]. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 3(2), 140-144.
Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1989). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9(3), 185-211.
Schaie, K. (2001). Emotional intelligence: Psychometric status and developmental characteristics--Comment on Roberts, Zeidner, and Matthews (2001). [Comment/Reply]. Emotion, 1(3), 243-248.
Shulman, T. E., & Hemenover, S. H. (2006). Is Dispositional Emotional Intelligence Synonymous with Personality? Self and Identity, 5(2), 147-171.
Spector, P. E. (2005). Introduction: Emotional intelligence. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(4), 409-410.
van der Zee, K., & Wabeke, R. (2004). Is Trait-Emotional Intelligence Simply or More Than Just a Trait? European Journal of Personality, 18(4), 243-263.
Van Rooy, D. L., & Viswesvaran, C. (2004). Emotional intelligence: A meta-analytic investigation of predictive validity and nomological net. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65(1), 71-95.
Van Rooy, D. L., Viswesvaran, C., & Pluta, P. (2005). An Evaluation of Construct Validity: What Is This Thing Called Emotional Intelligence? Human Performance, 18(4), 445-462.
Van Rooy, D. L., Whitman, D. S., & Viswesvaran, C. (2010). Emotional intelligence: Additional questions still unanswered. [Comment/Reply]. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 3(2), 149-153.
Walter, F., Cole, M. S., & Humphrey, R. H. (2011). Emotional intelligence: Sine qua non of leadership or folderol. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 25(1), 45-59.
Warwick, J., & Nettelbeck, T. (2004). Emotional intelligence is...? Personality and Individual Differences, 37(5), 1091-1100.
Zeidner, M., Matthews, G., & Roberts, R. D. (2001). Slow down, you move too fast: Emotional intelligence remains an "elusive" intelligence. [Comment/Reply]. Emotion, 1(3), 265-275.
Zeidner, M., Matthews, G., & Roberts, R. D. (2004). Emotional Intelligence in the Workplace: A Critical Review. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 53(3), 371-399.
Zeidner, M., Roberts, R. D., & Matthews, G. (2004). The emotional intelligence bandwagon: Too fast to live, too young to die? [Comment/Reply]. Psychological Inquiry, 15(3), 239-248.
Zeidner, M., Roberts, R. D., & Matthews, G. (2008). The science of emotional intelligence: Current consensus and controversies. European Psychologist, 13(1), 64-78.
Page Tools
Share this resource with others
News and Events
Check out our new EVENTS section to find out about the latest conferences and training opportunities involving members of the EI Consortium.
Interview with Dr. Marc Brackett
Click HERE to listen to an interview with Marc Brackett, the newly appointed leader of the Center of Emotional Intelligence which will begin operation at Yale University in April, 2013. In this interview Dr. Brackett shares his vision for the new center.

Special Issue of Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal.
Guest Editors:
Robert Emmerling
Richard Boyatzis
Emotional and Social Intelligence Competencies: Cross Cultural Implications
Continued research on the assessment and development of emotional and social intelligence competencies represents an opportunity to further both theoretical and applied applications of behavioral science to the management of human capital. While the field has continued to expand over the preceding decades, research has often trailed application, especially as it relates to cross-cultural validity. The purpose of this special issue of Cross Cultural Management - An International Journal serves to focus on cultural issues related to applied use of emotional and social intelligence competencies in diverse cultures. Articles in the special issue include data from various countries including India, Peru, China, Italy, Australia, and the United States. Click here to read more.

